How is the Adjusted Gross Income (AGI) calculated for a taxpayer?

Adjusted Gross Income (AGI) is calculated by taking the total income of a taxpayer and then subtracting specific adjustments, which can include contributions to traditional IRAs, student loan interest paid, and tuition and fees, among others. These adjustments are allowed deductions that reduce the total income and lead to the AGI figure.

The adjustments made to total income can reflect various financial situations that a taxpayer may have, and this income figure plays a crucial role in determining eligibility for certain credits and deductions on tax returns. Understanding AGI is essential for tax planning as it influences both the tax liability and the qualification for other tax benefits.

The other options do not accurately reflect the process of calculating AGI, as total income alone does not give a complete picture without considering these specific adjustments.